How to Apply for Probate (CT)

CT Application Process

There are several steps you must take to obtain the court's permission to represent and manage a CT estate.

1. Probate Application: In Connecticut, if the estate will go through probate, submit a Petition for Probate (Form PC-200) to the court. see application details ↧
   • If you are aware that you are named executor in the will, you have 30 days from the death to apply for probate, or you may be fined a small amount when you do apply (CT Gen Stat § 45a-283). If 10 years have passed since the death, the court will normally not allow probate or intestate administration (CT Gen Stat § 45a-330).
   • Attach an official copy of the death certificate (obscuring the social security number for privacy reasons), and include a Confidential Information Form (PC-200CI).
   • If there is a will, attach it. If it is not notarized, consider including in your application an Affidavit in Proof of Will (Form PC-210)
   • If there is no will, or the will does not name you as first choice among executors (still living), then attach a notarized Waiver of Notice (Form PC-181) from anyone with higher priority to serve as personal representation.
   • Save $$: If there is no will, or the will does not address the requirement for a probate bond, you may wish to avoid probate bond costs by attaching a Waiver of Bond (Form PC-280) from each heir (see Probate Bonds).
   • If you do not reside in CT, include an Appointment of Judge as Agent for Out-of-State Executors (Form PC-482).
   • You may also find CT Probate Courts: A Guide for Probate helpful, as well as the very thorough Practical Law™: CT Probate Guide.
2. Notice of Probate: In Connecticut, if the estate is undergoing probate, and if there is no will, the court will send any required notices at the estate's expense. If there is a will, you must send a copy of the will and your petition to the court to everyone who was named to inherit in the will, the Attorney General if one of those is a charity, and everyone who would have inherited if there were no will. You must certify to the court that you have made these notices: you can use Certificate of Notice (Form PC-151). See Conn. Prob. Ct. R. P. 30.5-7.
3. Probate Hearing: The court will hold a hearing to officially consider and approve your application. Often this hearing is just a formality, and you may not need to attend at all.
4. Probate Bond: If required by the court, you must obtain a probate bond to protect the estate from any losses you may cause (up to a certain dollar amount). Requirements for such a bond can depend on jurisdiction, whether there is a will, size of estate, whether you reside in the same state, and other factors. See Probate Bonds for advice on how to potentially avoid the need fo such a bond.
5. Objections: Note that interested parties have the right to legally challenge your application (before your official appointment, or even afterwards).
6. Letters: Once the court approves your application, you will receive your "Letters", which are certified documents you can use to prove your authority to third parties. If you applied for "probate", you will officially be known as the "executor" of the estate. If instead you applied for "administration", you will be known as the "administrator". Many states also use the term "personal representative" to cover both cases, sometimes deprecating the uses of the more precise terms.

If you'd like, friendly and experienced EstateExec personnel can fill out your probate application forms for you: see Probate Form Service. If you just want answers to a few legal questions, you can talk to an experienced lawyer for a surprisingly modest fee – see Have a Question?

Court Location

It can sometimes be difficult to determine which court to use for a given estate. The particular type of court that oversees the probate process varies by state: it may be a dedicated probate court, a circuit court, a superior court, a general county court, or something else.

Note that real property must be probated in the state in which it is physically located, so you may need to go through probate in multiple states.

Next Steps

Once you have been officially appointed and granted your Letters, you can begin the bulk of the estate administration and settlement process, keeping in mind that you now have a fiduciary duty to act in the best interests of the estate.

See our Complete Guide to Estate Settlement in CT for an overview of estate settlement in general, Probate for the court-supervised aspects of estate settlement in particular, and Timeline for an overview of tasks by time period.

If you are using EstateExec, it will automatically generate a list of detailed tasks for you to accomplish, based upon the particulars of your estate.

Additional Information

See also Becoming Estate Executor (i.e., Personal Representative).